> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://www.headlesslaw.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://www.headlesslaw.com/mica/articles.md).

# Articles

All 150 articles of MiCA, one page each.

### [Title I — Subject matter, scope and definitions](/mica/titles/i.md)

* [Article 1 — Subject matter](/mica/articles/1.md)
* [Article 2 — Scope](/mica/articles/2.md)
* [Article 3 — Definitions](/mica/articles/3.md)

### [Title II — Crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens](/mica/titles/ii.md)

* [Article 4 — Offers to the public of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens](/mica/articles/4.md)
* [Article 5 — Admission to trading of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens](/mica/articles/5.md)
* [Article 6 — Content and form of the crypto-asset white paper](/mica/articles/6.md)
* [Article 7 — Marketing communications](/mica/articles/7.md)
* [Article 8 — Notification of the crypto-asset white paper and of the marketing communications](/mica/articles/8.md)
* [Article 9 — Publication of the crypto-asset white paper and of the marketing communications](/mica/articles/9.md)
* [Article 10 — Result of the offer to the public and safeguarding arrangements](/mica/articles/10.md)
* [Article 11 — Rights of offerors and persons seeking admission to trading of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens](/mica/articles/11.md)
* [Article 12 — Modification of published crypto-asset white papers and of published marketing communications](/mica/articles/12.md)
* [Article 13 — Right of withdrawal](/mica/articles/13.md)
* [Article 14 — Obligations of offerors and persons seeking admission to trading of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens](/mica/articles/14.md)
* [Article 15 — Liability for the information given in a crypto-asset white paper](/mica/articles/15.md)

### [Title III — Asset-referenced tokens](/mica/titles/iii.md)

#### Chapter 1 — Authorisation to offer asset-referenced tokens to the public and to seek their admission to trading

* [Article 16 — Authorisation](/mica/articles/16.md)
* [Article 17 — Requirements for credit institutions](/mica/articles/17.md)
* [Article 18 — Application for authorisation](/mica/articles/18.md)
* [Article 19 — Content and form of the crypto-asset white paper for asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/19.md)
* [Article 20 — Assessment of the application for authorisation](/mica/articles/20.md)
* [Article 21 — Grant or refusal of the authorisation](/mica/articles/21.md)
* [Article 22 — Reporting on asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/22.md)
* [Article 23 — Restrictions on the issuance of asset-referenced tokens used widely as a means of exchange](/mica/articles/23.md)
* [Article 24 — Withdrawal of the authorisation](/mica/articles/24.md)
* [Article 25 — Modification of published crypto-asset white papers for asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/25.md)
* [Article 26 — Liability of issuers of asset-referenced tokens for the information given in a crypto-asset white paper](/mica/articles/26.md)

#### Chapter 2 — Obligations of issuers of asset-referenced tokens

* [Article 27 — Obligation to act honestly, fairly and professionally in the best interest of the holders of asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/27.md)
* [Article 28 — Publication of the crypto-asset white paper](/mica/articles/28.md)
* [Article 29 — Marketing communications](/mica/articles/29.md)
* [Article 30 — Ongoing information to holders of asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/30.md)
* [Article 31 — Complaints-handling procedures](/mica/articles/31.md)
* [Article 32 — Identification, prevention, management and disclosure of conflicts of interest](/mica/articles/32.md)
* [Article 33 — Notification of changes to management body](/mica/articles/33.md)
* [Article 34 — Governance arrangements](/mica/articles/34.md)
* [Article 35 — Own funds requirements](/mica/articles/35.md)

#### Chapter 3 — Reserve of assets

* [Article 36 — Obligation to have a reserve of assets, and composition and management of such reserve of assets](/mica/articles/36.md)
* [Article 37 — Custody of reserve assets](/mica/articles/37.md)
* [Article 38 — Investment of the reserve of assets](/mica/articles/38.md)
* [Article 39 — Right of redemption](/mica/articles/39.md)
* [Article 40 — Prohibition of granting interest](/mica/articles/40.md)

#### Chapter 4 — Acquisitions of issuers of asset-referenced tokens

* [Article 41 — Assessment of proposed acquisitions of issuers of asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/41.md)
* [Article 42 — Content of the assessment of proposed acquisitions of issuers of asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/42.md)

#### Chapter 5 — Significant asset-referenced tokens

* [Article 43 — Classification of asset-referenced tokens as significant asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/43.md)
* [Article 44 — Voluntary classification of asset-referenced tokens as significant asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/44.md)
* [Article 45 — Specific additional obligations for issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens](/mica/articles/45.md)

#### Chapter 6 — Recovery and redemption plans

* [Article 46 — Recovery plan](/mica/articles/46.md)
* [Article 47 — Redemption plan](/mica/articles/47.md)

### [Title IV — E-money tokens](/mica/titles/iv.md)

#### Chapter 1 — Requirements to be fulfilled by all issuers of e-money tokens

* [Article 48 — Requirements for the offer to the public or admission to trading of e-money tokens](/mica/articles/48.md)
* [Article 49 — Issuance and redeemability of e-money tokens](/mica/articles/49.md)
* [Article 50 — Prohibition of granting interest](/mica/articles/50.md)
* [Article 51 — Content and form of the crypto-asset white paper for e-money tokens](/mica/articles/51.md)
* [Article 52 — Liability of issuers of e-money tokens for the information given in a crypto-asset white paper](/mica/articles/52.md)
* [Article 53 — Marketing communications](/mica/articles/53.md)
* [Article 54 — Investment of funds received in exchange for e-money tokens](/mica/articles/54.md)
* [Article 55 — Recovery and redemption plans](/mica/articles/55.md)

#### Chapter 2 — Significant e-money tokens

* [Article 56 — Classification of e-money tokens as significant e-money tokens](/mica/articles/56.md)
* [Article 57 — Voluntary classification of e-money tokens as significant e-money tokens](/mica/articles/57.md)
* [Article 58 — Specific additional obligations for issuers of e-money tokens](/mica/articles/58.md)

### [Title V — Authorisation and operating conditions for crypto-asset service providers](/mica/titles/v.md)

#### Chapter 1 — Authorisation of crypto-asset service providers

* [Article 59 — Authorisation](/mica/articles/59.md)
* [Article 60 — Provision of crypto-asset services by certain financial entities](/mica/articles/60.md)
* [Article 61 — Provision of crypto-asset services at the exclusive initiative of the client](/mica/articles/61.md)
* [Article 62 — Application for authorisation as a crypto-asset service provider](/mica/articles/62.md)
* [Article 63 — Assessment of the application for authorisation and grant or refusal of authorisation](/mica/articles/63.md)
* [Article 64 — Withdrawal of authorisation of a crypto-asset service provider](/mica/articles/64.md)
* [Article 65 — Cross-border provision of crypto-asset services](/mica/articles/65.md)

#### Chapter 2 — Obligations for all crypto-asset service providers

* [Article 66 — Obligation to act honestly, fairly and professionally in the best interests of clients](/mica/articles/66.md)
* [Article 67 — Prudential requirements](/mica/articles/67.md)
* [Article 68 — Governance arrangements](/mica/articles/68.md)
* [Article 69 — Information to competent authorities](/mica/articles/69.md)
* [Article 70 — Safekeeping of clients’ crypto-assets and funds](/mica/articles/70.md)
* [Article 71 — Complaints-handling procedures](/mica/articles/71.md)
* [Article 72 — Identification, prevention, management and disclosure of conflicts of interest](/mica/articles/72.md)
* [Article 73 — Outsourcing](/mica/articles/73.md)
* [Article 74 — Orderly wind-down of crypto-asset service providers](/mica/articles/74.md)

#### Chapter 3 — Obligations in respect of specific crypto-asset services

* [Article 75 — Providing custody and administration of crypto-assets on behalf of clients](/mica/articles/75.md)
* [Article 76 — Operation of a trading platform for crypto-assets](/mica/articles/76.md)
* [Article 77 — Exchange of crypto-assets for funds or other crypto-assets](/mica/articles/77.md)
* [Article 78 — Execution of orders for crypto-assets on behalf of clients](/mica/articles/78.md)
* [Article 79 — Placing of crypto-assets](/mica/articles/79.md)
* [Article 80 — Reception and transmission of orders for crypto-assets on behalf of clients](/mica/articles/80.md)
* [Article 81 — Providing advice on crypto-assets and providing portfolio management of crypto-assets](/mica/articles/81.md)
* [Article 82 — Providing transfer services for crypto-assets on behalf of clients](/mica/articles/82.md)

#### Chapter 4 — Acquisition of crypto-asset service providers

* [Article 83 — Assessment of proposed acquisitions of crypto-asset service providers](/mica/articles/83.md)
* [Article 84 — Content of the assessment of proposed acquisitions of crypto-asset service providers](/mica/articles/84.md)

#### Chapter 5 — Significant crypto-asset service providers

* [Article 85 — Identification of significant crypto-asset service providers](/mica/articles/85.md)

### [Title VI — Prevention and prohibition of market abuse involving crypto-assets](/mica/titles/vi.md)

* [Article 86 — Scope of the rules on market abuse](/mica/articles/86.md)
* [Article 87 — Inside information](/mica/articles/87.md)
* [Article 88 — Public disclosure of inside information](/mica/articles/88.md)
* [Article 89 — Prohibition of insider dealing](/mica/articles/89.md)
* [Article 90 — Prohibition of unlawful disclosure of inside information](/mica/articles/90.md)
* [Article 91 — Prohibition of market manipulation](/mica/articles/91.md)
* [Article 92 — Prevention and detection of market abuse](/mica/articles/92.md)

### [Title VII — Competent authorities, EBA and ESMA](/mica/titles/vii.md)

#### Chapter 1 — Powers of competent authorities and cooperation between competent authorities, EBA and ESMA

* [Article 93 — Competent authorities](/mica/articles/93.md)
* [Article 94 — Powers of competent authorities](/mica/articles/94.md)
* [Article 95 — Cooperation between competent authorities](/mica/articles/95.md)
* [Article 96 — Cooperation with EBA and ESMA](/mica/articles/96.md)
* [Article 97 — Promotion of convergence on the classification of crypto-assets](/mica/articles/97.md)
* [Article 98 — Cooperation with other authorities](/mica/articles/98.md)
* [Article 99 — Duty of notification](/mica/articles/99.md)
* [Article 100 — Professional secrecy](/mica/articles/100.md)
* [Article 101 — Data protection](/mica/articles/101.md)
* [Article 102 — Precautionary measures](/mica/articles/102.md)
* [Article 103 — ESMA temporary intervention powers](/mica/articles/103.md)
* [Article 104 — EBA temporary intervention powers](/mica/articles/104.md)
* [Article 105 — Product intervention by competent authorities](/mica/articles/105.md)
* [Article 106 — Coordination with ESMA or EBA](/mica/articles/106.md)
* [Article 107 — Cooperation with third countries](/mica/articles/107.md)
* [Article 108 — Complaints-handling by competent authorities](/mica/articles/108.md)

#### Chapter 2 — ESMA register

* [Article 109 — Register of crypto-asset white papers, of issuers of asset-referenced tokens and e-money tokens, and of crypto-asset service providers](/mica/articles/109.md)
* [Article 110 — Register of non-compliant entities providing crypto-asset services](/mica/articles/110.md)
* [Article 110a — Accessibility of information on the European single access point](/mica/articles/110a.md)

#### Chapter 3 — Administrative penalties and other administrative measures by competent authorities

* [Article 111 — Administrative penalties and other administrative measures](/mica/articles/111.md)
* [Article 112 — Exercise of supervisory powers and powers to impose penalties](/mica/articles/112.md)
* [Article 113 — Right of appeal](/mica/articles/113.md)
* [Article 114 — Publication of decisions](/mica/articles/114.md)
* [Article 115 — Reporting of administrative penalties and other administrative measures to ESMA and EBA](/mica/articles/115.md)
* [Article 116 — Reporting of infringements and protection of reporting persons](/mica/articles/116.md)

#### Chapter 4 — Supervisory responsibilities of EBA with respect to issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens and significant e-money tokens and colleges of supervisors

* [Article 117 — Supervisory responsibilities of EBA with respect to issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens and issuers of significant e-money tokens](/mica/articles/117.md)
* [Article 118 — EBA crypto-asset committee](/mica/articles/118.md)
* [Article 119 — Colleges for issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens and significant e-money tokens](/mica/articles/119.md)
* [Article 120 — Non-binding opinions of the colleges for issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens and significant e-money tokens](/mica/articles/120.md)

#### Chapter 5 — EBA’s powers and competences with respect to issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens and issuers of significant e-money tokens

* [Article 121 — Legal privilege](/mica/articles/121.md)
* [Article 122 — Request for information](/mica/articles/122.md)
* [Article 123 — General investigative powers](/mica/articles/123.md)
* [Article 124 — On-site inspections](/mica/articles/124.md)
* [Article 125 — Exchange of information](/mica/articles/125.md)
* [Article 126 — Administrative agreements on the exchange of information between EBA and third countries](/mica/articles/126.md)
* [Article 127 — Disclosure of information from third countries](/mica/articles/127.md)
* [Article 128 — Cooperation with other authorities](/mica/articles/128.md)
* [Article 129 — Professional secrecy](/mica/articles/129.md)
* [Article 130 — Supervisory measures by EBA](/mica/articles/130.md)
* [Article 131 — Fines](/mica/articles/131.md)
* [Article 132 — Periodic penalty payments](/mica/articles/132.md)
* [Article 133 — Disclosure, nature, enforcement and allocation of fines and periodic penalty payments](/mica/articles/133.md)
* [Article 134 — Procedural rules for taking supervisory measures and imposing fines](/mica/articles/134.md)
* [Article 135 — Hearing of the persons concerned](/mica/articles/135.md)
* [Article 136 — Review by the Court of Justice](/mica/articles/136.md)
* [Article 137 — Supervisory fees](/mica/articles/137.md)
* [Article 138 — Delegation of tasks by EBA to competent authorities](/mica/articles/138.md)

### [Title VIII — Delegated acts](/mica/titles/viii.md)

* [Article 139 — Exercise of the delegation](/mica/articles/139.md)

### [Title IX — Transitional and final provisions](/mica/titles/ix.md)

* [Article 140 — Reports on the application of this Regulation](/mica/articles/140.md)
* [Article 141 — ESMA annual report on market developments](/mica/articles/141.md)
* [Article 142 — Report on latest developments in crypto-assets](/mica/articles/142.md)
* [Article 143 — Transitional measures](/mica/articles/143.md)
* [Article 144 — Amendment to Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010](/mica/articles/144.md)
* [Article 145 — Amendment to Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010](/mica/articles/145.md)
* [Article 146 — Amendment to Directive 2013/36/EU](/mica/articles/146.md)
* [Article 147 — Amendment to Directive (EU) 2019/1937](/mica/articles/147.md)
* [Article 148 — Transposition of amendments to Directives 2013/36/EU and (EU) 2019/1937](/mica/articles/148.md)
* [Article 149 — Entry into force and application](/mica/articles/149.md)


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter, and the optional `goal` query parameter:

```
GET https://www.headlesslaw.com/mica/articles.md?ask=<question>&goal=<endgoal>
```

`ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
`goal` is optional and describes the broader end goal you are ultimately trying to accomplish on behalf of the user. GitBook uses it to tailor the answer towards what is most useful for that goal.

The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.