> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://www.headlesslaw.com/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/amlr/shell-institution.md).

# shell institution

*In force · AMLR Article 2(1), point (23) · Regulation (EU) 2024/1624, OJ L, 2024/1624, 19.6.2024 · Checked against EUR-Lex on 30 Sep 2026 ·* [*Official source*](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1624/oj/eng)

### Definition

> **(23)** ‘**shell institution**’ means:
>
> **(a)** for credit institutions and financial institutions other than crypto-asset service providers: a credit institution or financial institution, or an institution that carries out activities equivalent to those carried out by credit institutions and financial institutions, created in a jurisdiction in which it has no physical presence, involving meaningful mind and management, and which is unaffiliated with a regulated financial group;
>
> **(b)** for crypto-asset service providers: an entity whose name appears in the register established by the European Securities and Markets Authority pursuant to Article 110 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 or third country entity providing crypto-asset services without being licensed or registered nor subject to AML/CFT supervision there;

### Source

[AMLR, Article 2(1), point (23)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1624/oj/eng).


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