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AI Act · contents

Recitals

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Chapter I — General provisions

1Subject matter'
2Scope
3Definitions
4AI literacy
4aProcessing of special categories of personal data for bias detection and correction

Chapter II — Prohibited AI practices

5Prohibited AI practices

Chapter III — High-risk AI systems

Section 1 — Classification of AI systems as high-risk

6Classification rules for high-risk AI systems
7Amendments to Annex III

Section 2 — Requirements for high-risk AI systems

8Compliance with the requirements
9Risk management system
10Data and data governance
11Technical documentation
12Record-keeping
13Transparency and provision of information to deployers
14Human oversight
15Accuracy, robustness and cybersecurity

Section 3 — Obligations of providers and deployers of high-risk AI systems and other parties

16Obligations of providers of high-risk AI systems
17Quality management system
18Documentation keeping
19Automatically generated logs
20Corrective actions and duty of information
21Cooperation with competent authorities
22Authorised representatives of providers of high-risk AI systems
23Obligations of importers
24Obligations of distributors
25Responsibilities along the AI value chain
26Obligations of deployers of high-risk AI systems
27Fundamental rights impact assessment for high-risk AI systems

Section 4 — Notifying authorities and notified bodies

28Notifying authorities
29Application of a conformity assessment body for notification
30Notification procedure
31Requirements relating to notified bodies
32Presumption of conformity with requirements relating to notified bodies
33Subsidiaries of notified bodies and subcontracting
34Operational obligations of notified bodies
35Identification numbers and lists of notified bodies
36Changes to notifications
37Challenge to the competence of notified bodies
38Coordination of notified bodies
39Conformity assessment bodies of third countries

Section 5 — Standards, conformity assessment, certificates, registration

40Harmonised standards and standardisation deliverables
41Common specifications
42Presumption of conformity with certain requirements
43Conformity assessment
44Certificates
45Information obligations of notified bodies
46Derogation from conformity assessment procedure
47EU declaration of conformity
48CE marking
49Registration

Chapter IV — Transparency obligations for providers and deployers of certain AI systems

50Transparency obligations for providers and deployers of certain AI systems

Chapter V — General-purpose AI models

Section 1 — Classification rules

51Classification of general-purpose AI models as general-purpose AI models with systemic risk
52Procedure

Section 2 — Obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models

53Obligations for providers of general-purpose AI models
54Authorised representatives of providers of general-purpose AI models

Section 3 — Obligations of providers of general-purpose AI models with systemic risk

55Obligations of providers of general-purpose AI models with systemic risk

Section 4 — Codes of practice

56Codes of practice

Chapter VI — Measures in support of innovation

57AI regulatory sandboxes
58Detailed arrangements for, and functioning of, AI regulatory sandboxes
59Further processing of personal data for developing certain AI systems in the public interest in the AI regulatory sandbox
60Testing of high-risk AI systems in real world conditions outside AI regulatory sandboxes
60aTesting of high-risk AI systems covered by Union harmonisation legislation listed in Section B of Annex I in real-world conditions outside AI regulatory sandboxes
61Informed consent to participate in testing in real world conditions outside AI regulatory sandboxes
62Measures for providers and deployers, in particular SMEs, including start-ups
63Derogations for specific operators

Chapter VII — Governance

Section 1 — Governance at Union level

64AI Office
65Establishment and structure of the European Artificial Intelligence Board
66Tasks of the Board
67Advisory forum
68Scientific panel of independent experts
69Access to the pool of experts by the Member States

Section 2 — National competent authorities

70Designation of national competent authorities and single points of contact

Chapter VIII — EU database for high-risk AI systems

71EU database for high-risk AI systems listed in Annex III

Chapter IX — Post-market monitoring, information sharing and market surveillance

Section 1 — Post-market monitoring

72Post-market monitoring by providers and post-market monitoring plan for high-risk AI systems

Section 2 — Sharing of information on serious incidents

73Reporting of serious incidents

Section 3 — Enforcement

74Market surveillance and control of AI systems in the Union market
75Market surveillance and control of AI systems and mutual assistance
75aSupervisory and enforcement powers of the AI Office
75bCommitments
75cNon-compliance, fines and periodic penalty payments
75dSafeguards and further specification
76Supervision of testing in real world conditions by market surveillance authorities
77Powers of authorities protecting fundamental rights and cooperation with market surveillance authorities
78Confidentiality
79Procedure at national level for dealing with AI systems presenting a risk
80Procedure for dealing with AI systems classified by the provider as non-high-risk in application of Annex III
81Union safeguard procedure
82Compliant AI systems which present a risk
83Formal non-compliance
84Union AI testing support structures

Section 4 — Remedies

85Right to lodge a complaint with a market surveillance authority
86Right to explanation of individual decision-making
87Reporting of infringements and protection of reporting persons

Section 5 — Supervision, investigation, enforcement and monitoring in respect of providers of general-purpose AI models

88Enforcement of the obligations of providers of general-purpose AI models
89Monitoring actions
90Alerts of systemic risks by the scientific panel
91Power to request documentation and information
92Power to conduct evaluations
93Power to request measures
94Procedural rights of economic operators of the general-purpose AI model

Chapter X — Codes of conduct and guidelines

95Codes of conduct for voluntary application of specific requirements
96Guidelines from the Commission on the implementation of this Regulation

Chapter XI — Delegation of power and committee procedure

97Exercise of the delegation
98Committee procedure

Chapter XII — Penalties

99Penalties
100Administrative fines on Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies
101Fines for providers of general-purpose AI models

Chapter XIII — Final provisions

102Amendment to Regulation (EC) No 300/2008
103Amendment to Regulation (EU) No 167/2013
104Amendment to Regulation (EU) No 168/2013
105Amendment to Directive 2014/90/EU
106Amendment to Directive (EU) 2016/797
107Amendment to Regulation (EU) 2018/858
108Amendments to Regulation (EU) 2018/1139
109Amendment to Regulation (EU) 2019/2144
110Amendment to Directive (EU) 2020/1828
111AI systems already placed on the market or put into service and general-purpose AI models already placed on the marked
112Evaluation and review
113Entry into force and application

Annexes

IList of Union harmonisation legislation
IIList of criminal offences referred to in Article 5(1), first subparagraph, point (h)(iii)
IIIHigh-risk AI systems referred to in Article 6(2)
IVTechnical documentation referred to in Article 11(1)
VEU declaration of conformity
VIConformity assessment procedure based on internal control
VIIConformity based on an assessment of the quality management system and an assessment of the technical documentation
VIIIInformation to be submitted upon the registration of high-risk AI systems in accordance with Article 49
IXInformation to be submitted upon the registration of high-risk AI systems listed in Annex III in relation to testing in real world conditions in accordance with Article 60
XUnion legislative acts on large-scale IT systems in the area of Freedom, Security and Justice
XITechnical documentation referred to in Article 53(1), point (a) — technical documentation for providers of general-purpose AI models
XIITransparency information referred to in Article 53(1), point (b) — technical documentation for providers of general-purpose AI models to downstream providers that integrate the model into their AI system
XIIICriteria for the designation of general-purpose AI models with systemic risk referred to in Article 51
XIV

European Commission

Digital & dataAI Act

European Commission under AI Act, ordered by official identifier.

CommissionQ&A — Signing the General-Purpose AI Code of PracticeAnswered
CommissionQ&A — General-purpose AI models in the AI ActAnswered
CommissionQ&A — Guidelines on obligations for GPAI providersAnswered
CommissionQ&A — Standardisation of the AI ActAnswered
CommissionQ&A — Template for the summary of GPAI training contentAnswered
CommissionQ&A — General-Purpose AI Code of PracticeAnswered
CommissionQ&A — Navigating the AI ActAnswered

About this text

Coverage: AI Act: every English consolidation from 27 Jul 2026. Older wording is not held and is not replaced by any other text. Not covered: national guidance, court decisions.
Freshness: Release a4f2a049 published 1 Nov 2026, 17:41 CET.
Shown: The whole page.
Failures: None.
Incomplete: No.

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