{"release":{"id":"2d86bd12ba77a288053b34ea2517324b92d03c8039b7f5d156fa4002421384a1","published":"2026-11-10T16:06:46Z","pinned":false},"limits":{"coverage":{"history":"full","held_since":"2015-12-23","gaps":[],"covered":["PSD2 L1"],"not_covered":["national guidance","court decisions"]},"freshness":{"release_id":"2d86bd12ba77a288053b34ea2517324b92d03c8039b7f5d156fa4002421384a1","release_published":"2026-11-10T16:06:46Z","checked_at":null,"checked_against":null},"truncation":{"shown":11,"total":11,"capped":false,"cap":1000,"next_cursor":null},"failures":[],"incomplete":[]},"page":{"path":"/psd2/articles/45","url":"https://www.headlesslaw.com/psd2/articles/45","title":"Article 45 — Information and conditions","work_id":"psd2","date_state":"current","as_of":"2026-11-11","relations_url":"https://www.headlesslaw.com/psd2/articles/45/relations"},"as_of":"2026-11-11","counts":{"amended_by:out":1,"refers_to:out":1,"refers_to:in":8,"answers:in":1},"relations":[{"edge_id":"26772a1137d63f42e481","scope":"unit","type":"amended_by","direction":"out","resolution":"external","basis":"cellar_consolidation_metadata","method":"cellar-inventory","confidence":"single_act","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":null,"dst_raw":"32022L2556","other":null,"evidence":{"consolidation":"02015L2366-20250117","incorporates":["32022L2556"]}},{"edge_id":"c5fd64e938ed3f546302","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"out","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 52","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.52","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/52","url":"/psd2/articles/52","title":"Information and conditions","key":"52","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.45","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.45.paragraph.3"}},{"edge_id":"050b95f902fb92580d29","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 45(1)","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/2/para/3","url":"/psd2/articles/2#p-3","title":"Scope","key":"2(3)","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.2","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.2.paragraph.3"}},{"edge_id":"119c1ff8757bc6ef09c1","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 45(1)","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/2/para/4","url":"/psd2/articles/2#p-4","title":"Scope","key":"2(4)","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.2","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.2.paragraph.4"}},{"edge_id":"23006f0c458a1ebd874a","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 45","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/44/para/3","url":"/psd2/articles/44#p-3","title":"Prior general information","key":"44(3)","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.44","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.44.paragraph.3"}},{"edge_id":"2ef7e11eb61d68955765","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 45","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/46/subpara/1","url":"/psd2/articles/46","title":"Information for the payer and payee after the initiation of a payment order","key":"46","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.46","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.46.subparagraph.1"}},{"edge_id":"3d8713ac235536b9de89","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 45(1)","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/76/para/2","url":"/psd2/articles/76#p-2","title":"Refunds for payment transactions initiated by or through a payee","key":"76(2)","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.76","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.76.paragraph.2"}},{"edge_id":"6670d04a914d1ffa8a9b","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 45","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/44/para/1","url":"/psd2/articles/44#p-1","title":"Prior general information","key":"44(1)","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.44","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.44.paragraph.1"}},{"edge_id":"9d79f56cc74633e6c1a3","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 45(1)","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/88/para/5","url":"/psd2/articles/88#p-5","title":"Incorrect unique identifiers","key":"88(5)","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.88","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.88.paragraph.5"}},{"edge_id":"ade8b4a4fab15129c47a","scope":"unit","type":"refers_to","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"explicit_legal_cross_reference","method":"extracted_relationships","confidence":"medium","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":"Article 45(1)","dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"psd2","level":"L1","locator":"psd2/art/48/subpara/1/pt/d","url":"/psd2/articles/48#p-d","title":"Information for the payer after receipt of the payment order","key":"48(d)","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"object":"eu.psd2.legal_text.article.48","source_block_id":"eu.psd2.article.48.subparagraph.1.point.d"}},{"edge_id":"bf519c0cf429ccc0ea82","scope":"unit","type":"answers","direction":"in","resolution":"resolved","basis":"curated_mapping","method":"stated_legal_basis","confidence":"curated","src_from":"2025-01-17","src_until":null,"span":null,"dst_raw":"eu.psd2.article.45","other":{"work_id":"spaces/psd2/level-3/q-and-a/eba/eba-qa-2023-6777-exchange-rate-mark-ups-part-of-all-charges-payable-currency","level":"L3","locator":"spaces/psd2/level-3/q-and-a/eba/eba-qa-2023-6777-exchange-rate-mark-ups-part-of-all-charges-payable-currency/page","url":"/psd2/level-3/q-and-a/eba/eba-qa-2023-6777-exchange-rate-mark-ups-part-of-all-charges-payable-currency","title":"Q&A — Exchange rate mark-ups part of 'all charges [Final Q&A]","key":"EBA Q&A 2023_6777","state_on_date":"in_force"},"evidence":{"evidence":"legal_basis: Article 45(1) PSD2","doc_type":"qa"}}],"not_served":["exempts","derogates_from"],"note":"inverse edges are computed from the stored direction; floating targets are resolved on as_of (other.state_on_date)"}