--- title: "Article 31 — Reasons and communication" type: regulation legal_status: in_force source: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02015L2366-20250117" source_retrieved: 2026-10-08 shortTitle: "Article 31 — Reasons and communication" instrument_type: level1_directive authority: Commission binding: true binding_character: binding mica_level2: false legal_basis: "Directive (EU) 2015/2366" instrument: psd2 celex: "32015L2366" regulation: PSD2 regulation-full: "Directive (EU) 2015/2366" article: 31 status: in_force object_id: eu.psd2.legal_text.article.31 text_version: "Consolidated version of 17 January 2025" source_url: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02015L2366-20250117" check_status: matched verified: true last_checked: 2026-11-09 --- *In force · Consolidated version of 17 January 2025 · Verified 9 Nov 2026 · [Official source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02015L2366-20250117)* 1. Any measure taken by the competent authorities pursuant to [Article 23](23.md), [28](28.md), [29](29.md) or [30](30.md) involving penalties or restrictions on the exercise of the freedom to provide services or the freedom of establishment shall be properly justified and communicated to the payment institution concerned. 2. [Articles 28](28.md), [29](29.md) and [30](30.md) shall be without prejudice to the obligation of competent authorities under Directive (EU) 2015/849 and Regulation (EU) 2015/847, in particular under Article 48(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/849 and Article 22(1) of Regulation (EU) 2015/847, to supervise or monitor the compliance with the requirements laid down in those instruments. *** [Title II — Payment service providers](../titles/ii.md) · [← Article 30](30.md) · [Article 32 →](32.md)