--- title: "Article 23 — Trading obligation for investment firms" type: regulation legal_status: in_force source: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014R0600-20251123" source_retrieved: 2026-09-30 shortTitle: "Article 23 — Trading obligation for investment firms" instrument_type: level1_regulation authority: Commission binding: true binding_character: binding mica_level2: false legal_basis: "Regulation (EU) No 600/2014" instrument: mifir celex: "32014R0600" regulation: MiFIR regulation-full: "Regulation (EU) No 600/2014" article: 23 status: in_force object_id: eu.mifir.legal_text.article.23 text_version: "Consolidated version of 23 November 2025" source_url: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014R0600-20251123" check_status: matched verified: true last_checked: 2026-10-26 --- *In force · Consolidated version of 23 November 2025 · Checked against EUR-Lex on 26 Oct 2026 · [Official source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014R0600-20251123)* 1. An investment firm shall ensure that the trades it undertakes in shares which have a European Economic Area (EEA) International Securities Identification Number (ISIN), and which are traded on a trading venue, take place on a regulated market, an MTF, a systematic internaliser or a third-country trading venue assessed as equivalent in accordance with Article 25(4), point (a), of Directive 2014/65/EU, as appropriate, unless: **(a)** those shares are traded on a third-country venue in the local currency or in a non-EEA currency; or **(b)** those trades are carried out between eligible counterparties, between professional counterparties or between eligible and professional counterparties and do not contribute to the price discovery process. 2. An investment firm that operates an internal matching system which executes client orders in shares, depositary receipts, ETFs, certificates and other similar financial instruments on a multilateral basis must ensure it is authorised as an MTF under Directive 2014/65/EU and comply with all relevant provisions pertaining to such authorisations. 3. ESMA shall develop draft regulatory technical standards to specify the particular characteristics of those transactions in shares that do not contribute to the price discovery process as referred to in paragraph 1, taking into consideration cases such as: **(a)** non-addressable liquidity trades; or **(b)** where the exchange of such financial instruments is determined by factors other than the current market valuation of the financial instrument. ESMA shall submit those draft regulatory technical standards to the Commission by 3 July 2015. Power is delegated to the Commission to adopt the regulatory technical standards referred to in the first subparagraph in accordance with Articles 10 to 14 of Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010. ## Related Level 2 and Level 3 ### Binding measures - [2017/587 — RTS — Transparency requirements for shares \[in force\]](../level-2/rts/2017-587-transparency-requirements-for-trading-venues-and-investment.md) - [2019/442 — Delegated act — Amending and correcting 2017/587 \[in force\]](../level-2/delegated-acts/2019-442-amending-the-requirement-for-prices-to-reflect-prevailing.md) - [2023/944 — RTS — Amending and correcting 2017/587 as regards equity instruments \[in force\]](../level-2/rts/2023-944-amending-and-correcting-the-regulatory-technical-standards.md) - [2025/1246 — RTS — Transparency requirements for bonds \[in force\]](../level-2/rts/2025-1246-commission-delegated-regulation-eu-2025-1246-of-18-june.md) *** [Title III — Transparency for systematic internalisers and investment firms trading OTC and tick size regime for systematic internalisers](../titles/iii.md) · [← Article 22c](22c.md) · [Article 23a →](23a.md)