{"release":{"id":"a4f2a0495fe55b47323883f82977a9b34ab66171ec9623e39925d3a7045b6c81","published":"2026-11-01T16:41:30Z","pinned":false},"limits":{"coverage":{"history":"from:2023-03-23","held_since":"2023-03-23","gaps":[],"covered":["MiFID II L1"],"not_covered":["national guidance","court decisions"]},"freshness":{"release_id":"a4f2a0495fe55b47323883f82977a9b34ab66171ec9623e39925d3a7045b6c81","release_published":"2026-11-01T16:41:30Z","checked_at":"2026-10-26","checked_against":"EUR-Lex"},"truncation":null,"failures":[],"incomplete":[]},"page":{"path":"/mifid-ii/articles/28","url":"https://www.headlesslaw.com/mifid-ii/articles/28","title":"Article 28 — Client order handling rules","family":"l1_generated","work_id":"mifid2","status":"in_force","force_status":"in_force","date_state":"current","requested_date":null,"as_of":"2026-11-02","applies_from":null,"application":null,"version_label":"Consolidated version of 6 June 2026","check":{"against":"EUR-Lex","on":"2026-10-26"},"check_result":"matched","official_url":"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014L0065-20260606","valid_from":"2023-03-23","valid_until":null,"revision":1,"content_id":"464e1b6bbf6b7f27","change_date":null,"nearest_versions":["2023-03-23"],"first_text_date":"2014-05-15","correction_applies":false,"versions":["2023-03-23"],"version_url":"https://www.headlesslaw.com/mifid-ii/articles/28/versions/2023-03-23","revision_url":"https://www.headlesslaw.com/mifid-ii/articles/28/versions/2023-03-23/rev/464e1b6bbf6b7f27","versions_url":"https://www.headlesslaw.com/mifid-ii/articles/28/versions","relations_url":"https://www.headlesslaw.com/mifid-ii/articles/28/relations","source_line":null,"attribution":null},"provenance":{"official_url":"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014L0065-20260606","check":{"result":"matched","checked_at":"2026-10-26","against":"EUR-Lex"},"repo_path":"spaces/mifid-ii/articles/28.md","body_sha256":"8ad57cb44d9f756adeb2acbc798e1102cc3e22f7fd6ce7c40f9c6fdea6f4abf5"},"units":[{"locator":"mifid2/art/28","kind":"article","status":"in_force","label":null,"heading":"Client order handling rules","text":"","marks":[],"revision":1,"text_hash":"e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855","reason":null},{"locator":"mifid2/art/28/para/1","kind":"paragraph","status":"in_force","label":"1.","heading":null,"text":"Member States shall require that investment firms authorised to execute orders on behalf of clients implement procedures and arrangements which provide for the prompt, fair and expeditious execution of client orders, relative to other client orders or the trading interests of the investment firm.","marks":[],"revision":1,"text_hash":"1aa3c19636d73694530ba599173a56a3f1f89ceac404c0be36f1b76fde7fd56c","reason":null},{"locator":"mifid2/art/28/para/1/cont/1","kind":"continuation","status":"in_force","label":null,"heading":null,"text":"Those procedures or arrangements shall allow for the execution of otherwise comparable client orders in accordance with the time of their reception by the investment firm.","marks":[],"revision":1,"text_hash":"551aba28d747b00b7d9aa7c5ecadc169f7c6f45c434ea87ba16d11ec16a9fa73","reason":null},{"locator":"mifid2/art/28/para/2","kind":"paragraph","status":"in_force","label":"2.","heading":null,"text":"Member States shall require that, in the case of a client limit order in respect of shares admitted to trading on a regulated market or traded on a trading venue which are not immediately executed under prevailing market conditions, investment firms are, unless the client expressly instructs otherwise, to take measures to facilitate the earliest possible execution of that order by making public immediately that client limit order in a manner which is easily accessible to other market participants. Member States may decide that investment firms comply with that obligation by transmitting the client limit order to a trading venue. Member States shall provide that the competent authorities may waive the obligation to make public a limit order that is large in scale compared with normal market size as determined under Article 4 of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014.","marks":[],"revision":1,"text_hash":"1538dddf3ed447004e40097b951da084eef34c7f3f4705505020d873247b3337","reason":null},{"locator":"mifid2/art/28/para/3","kind":"paragraph","status":"in_force","label":"3.","heading":null,"text":"The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 89 to define:","marks":[],"revision":1,"text_hash":"5f2d84d555ee304f645fe71707ab97a965d9a5321bdb442045d7fd3a096febde","reason":null},{"locator":"mifid2/art/28/para/3/pt/a","kind":"point","status":"in_force","label":"(a)","heading":null,"text":"the conditions and nature of the procedures and arrangements which result in the prompt, fair and expeditious execution of client orders and the situations in which or types of transaction for which investment firms may reasonably deviate from prompt execution so as to obtain more favourable terms for clients;","marks":[],"revision":1,"text_hash":"83e124f3ce418bee87a6c7d2d27a9815b364250554bb9d41d7c7d3ec815ff12f","reason":null},{"locator":"mifid2/art/28/para/3/pt/b","kind":"point","status":"in_force","label":"(b)","heading":null,"text":"the different methods through which an investment firm can be deemed to have met its obligation to disclose not immediately executable client limit orders to the market.","marks":[],"revision":1,"text_hash":"66867f178950f714d880257f9add1fe96d024880dd20e0bee242606ae0d7644c","reason":null}],"markdown":"---\ntitle: \"Article 28 — Client order handling rules\"\ntype: regulation\nlegal_status: in_force\nsource: \"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014L0065-20260606\"\nsource_retrieved: 2026-09-28\nshortTitle: \"Article 28 — Client order handling rules\"\ninstrument_type: level1_directive\nauthority: Commission\nbinding: true\nbinding_character: binding\nmica_level2: false\nlegal_basis: \"Directive 2014/65/EU\"\ninstrument: mifid2\ncelex: \"32014L0065\"\nregulation: MiFID II\nregulation-full: \"Directive 2014/65/EU\"\narticle: 28\nstatus: in_force\nobject_id: eu.mifid2.legal_text.article.28\ntext_version: \"Consolidated version of 6 June 2026\"\nsource_url: \"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014L0065-20260606\"\ncheck_status: matched\nverified: true\nlast_checked: 2026-10-26\n---\n\n*In force · Consolidated version of 6 June 2026 · Checked against EUR-Lex on 26 Oct 2026 · [Official source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02014L0065-20260606)*\n\n1. <a id=\"p-1\"></a>Member States shall require that investment firms authorised to execute orders on behalf of clients implement procedures and arrangements which provide for the prompt, fair and expeditious execution of client orders, relative to other client orders or the trading interests of the [investment firm](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mifid-ii/investment-firm).\n\n    Those procedures or arrangements shall allow for the execution of otherwise comparable client orders in accordance with the time of their reception by the investment firm.\n2. <a id=\"p-2\"></a>Member States shall require that, in the case of a client limit order in respect of shares admitted to trading on a regulated market or traded on a trading venue which are not immediately executed under prevailing market conditions, investment firms are, unless the client expressly instructs otherwise, to take measures to facilitate the earliest possible execution of that order by making public immediately that client limit order in a manner which is easily accessible to other market participants. Member States may decide that investment firms comply with that obligation by transmitting the client limit order to a trading venue. Member States shall provide that the competent authorities may waive the obligation to make public a limit order that is large in scale compared with normal market size as determined under Article 4 of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014.\n3. <a id=\"p-3\"></a>The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with [Article 89](89.md) to define:\n\n    <a id=\"p-3-a\"></a>**(a)** the conditions and nature of the procedures and arrangements which result in the prompt, fair and expeditious execution of client orders and the situations in which or types of transaction for which investment firms may reasonably deviate from prompt execution so as to obtain more favourable terms for clients;\n\n    <a id=\"p-3-b\"></a>**(b)** the different methods through which an investment firm can be deemed to have met its obligation to disclose not immediately executable client limit orders to the market.\n\n## Related Level 2 and Level 3\n\n### Binding measures\n\n- [2017/565 — Delegated act — Organisational requirements and operating conditions \\[in force\\]](../level-2/delegated-acts/2017-565-organisational-requirements-and-operating-conditions-for.md)\n\n***\n\n[Title II — Authorisation and operating conditions for investment firms](../titles/ii.md) · [← Article 27](27.md) · [Article 29 →](29.md)\n"}