--- title: "Article 2 — Scope" type: regulation legal_status: in_force source: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02023R1114-20240109" shortTitle: "Article 2 — Scope" instrument_type: level1_regulation authority: Commission binding: true binding_character: binding mica_level2: false legal_basis: Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 instrument: mica celex: 32023R1114 text_version: "Consolidated version of 9 January 2024" source_url: "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02023R1114-20240109" check_status: matched verified: true last_checked: 2026-11-09 --- *In force · Consolidated version of 9 January 2024 · Verified 9 Nov 2026 · [Official source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02023R1114-20240109)* 1. This Regulation applies to natural and legal persons and certain other undertakings that are engaged in the issuance, [offer to the public](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/offer-to-the-public) and admission to trading of [crypto-assets](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/crypto-asset) or that provide services related to crypto-assets in the Union. 2. This Regulation does not apply to: **(a)** persons who provide [crypto-asset services](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/crypto-asset-service) exclusively for their parent companies, for their own subsidiaries or for other subsidiaries of their parent companies; **(b)** a liquidator or an administrator acting in the course of an insolvency procedure, except for the purposes of [Article 47](47.md); **(c)** the ECB, central banks of the Member States when acting in their capacity as monetary authorities, or other public authorities of the Member States; **(d)** the European Investment Bank and its subsidiaries; **(e)** the European Financial Stability Facility and the European Stability Mechanism; **(f)** public international organisations. 3. This Regulation does not apply to [crypto-assets](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/crypto-asset) that are unique and not fungible with other crypto-assets. 4. This Regulation does not apply to crypto-assets that qualify as one or more of the following: **(a)** [financial instruments](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/financial-instrument); **(b)** [deposits](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/deposit), including [structured deposits](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/structured-deposit); **(c)** [funds](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/funds), except if they qualify as [e-money tokens](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/electronic-money-token); **(d)** securitisation positions in the context of a securitisation as defined in Article 2, point (1), of [Regulation (EU) 2017/2402](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02017R2402-20210409); **(e)** non-life or life insurance products falling within the classes of insurance listed in Annexes I and II to [Directive 2009/138/EC](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02009L0138-20250117) of the European Parliament and of the Council or reinsurance and retrocession contracts referred to in that Directive; **(f)** pension products that, under national law, are recognised as having the primary purpose of providing the investor with an income in retirement and that entitle the investor to certain benefits; **(g)** officially recognised occupational pension schemes falling within the scope of [Directive (EU) 2016/2341](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02016L2341-20250117) of the European Parliament and of the Council or [Directive 2009/138/EC](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02009L0138-20250117); **(h)** individual pension products for which a financial contribution from the employer is required by national law and where the employer or the employee has no choice as to the pension product or provider; **(i)** a pan-European Personal Pension Product as defined in Article 2, point (2), of [Regulation (EU) 2019/1238](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02019R1238-20240109) of the European Parliament and of the Council; **(j)** social security schemes covered by [Regulations (EC) No 883/2004](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02004R0883-20190731) and [(EC) No 987/2009](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02009R0987-20180101) of the European Parliament and of the Council. 5. By 30 December 2024, ESMA shall, for the purposes of paragraph 4, point (a), of this Article issue [guidelines](../level-3/guidelines/final-report-on-the-guidelines-on-the-conditions-and-criteria-for-the-qualification-of-crypto-assets.md) in accordance with Article 16 of [Regulation (EU) No 1095/2010](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02010R1095-20241230) on the conditions and criteria for the qualification of crypto-assets as [financial instruments](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/financial-instrument). 6. This Regulation shall be without prejudice to [Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2013/1024/oj/eng). *** ### Related * [offer to the public](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/offer-to-the-public) — definition used in this article * [crypto-asset](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/crypto-asset) — definition used in this article * [deposit](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/deposit) — definition used in this article * [funds](https://www.headlesslaw.com/definitions/mica/funds) — definition used in this article ## Related Level 2 and Level 3 ### Guidance and Q&A - [ESMA Q&A 2364 — Q&A — Applicability of DORA and TFR Requirements to VASPs \[Answer Published\]](../level-3/q-and-a/esma/esma-qa-2364-applicability-dora-tfr-requirements-vasps-not-classified.md) - [ESMA75-453128700-1323 — Guideline — Crypto-Asset Financial Instruments \[final\]](../level-3/guidelines/final-report-on-the-guidelines-on-the-conditions-and-criteria-for-the-qualification-of-crypto-assets.md) *** [Title I — Subject matter, scope and definitions](../titles/i.md) · [← Article 1](1.md) · [Article 3 →](3.md)